Supervisors and Managers Responsibilities Essay -- Organizational Stru

Many organizations and establishments have philosophies in how an organization is to be functioning and which positions are necessary to execute the plan. One of the crucial positions that make the establishment function is that of a Supervisor. The term supervisor is a word with Latin roots which means â€Å"to look over,† however, a supervisor is viewed as a person who is an immediate overseer to an employee at a workplace. The supervisor is the person an employee would directly report to for any work related situation. A supervisor plays an essential part of the management team that gives an organization purpose and leadership by being responsible for employees’ progress and productivity (Bittel & Newstrom, 1992). Supervisors and Managers share some similarities in that they oversee people however they have clear differences that can distinguish one from the other. Managers are usually occupied in four areas which include: planning, organizing, leading and coordinating activities for the organization. Like supervisors, managers give an organization purpose and leadership however their responsibilities are traditionally greater than that of a supervisor by executing responsibilities such as identifying goals, objectives, methods, resources needed to carry out methods, responsibilities and dates for completion of tasks (McNamara, 2010). Managers are considered to be the organizational group above supervisors and have supervisors carry out their mandates and have the goals reach out to the staff through the supervisors. Supervisors carry out many activities in order to keep their portion of the organization functioning. Supervisors are responsible for their direct reports' progress and productivity in the organization. Sup... ...s the chance for biased pay scales. A second use for a job description is to serve as a reference when the employee is due for a performance appraisal (McNamara, 2010). A rater can reference the job description if an employee feels that he or she did not think that a certain task that was asked of them was part of the job description. An employee should be familiar with the job description as well as the performance appraisal procedures before being evaluated. A rater can always reference the job description for the basis of a review and an employee can reference the job description if they feel as though they are being rated unfairly (McNamara, 2010). Both are vital as the job description allows for the employee to understand what is expected of him or her and the performance review states whether the worker fulfilled those expectations asked of him or her.

Critical Analysis of Quantitative Research Essay

The researchers in this experiment aimed to â€Å"Investigate the quantitative differentiation of pulmonary dendritic cells in smoker with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) to explore the possible role of dendritic cells in smokers suffering COPD† (Yan-wei, Yong-jiang, & Xian-sheng, 2010). Dendritic cells (DCs) are inflammatory cells that are considered to be the promoter of immune responses; knowing this the researchers hypothesized that DCs may play an important role in the development of the disease. See more: how to write an analysis Subjects were broken into three groups based on an illness gradient: (control group, smokers without airflow obstruction, and COPD group as determined by the Chinese Society of Respiratory Disease). Samples of alveolar tissue were taken from these three groups and studied using immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning. The results from the experiment are portrayed using a one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s r coefficient, graphs, and scatter plots. The conclusion of the data showed that â€Å"The quantity of the DCs significantly increased in smokers with COPD compared with non-smokers or smokers without COPD† (Yan-wei et al., 2010). A critical analysis of this article received a 31.5. The article was well put together and provided many up to date references as resources to give a better understanding of the research. The authors explained their methodologies in great detail and the production of their data was concise and easy to read. However, the study lacked when it came to representing a diverse population. The study also lacks in terms of providing evidence of the consent of the subjects and the evidence of the governing body of the experiment. The research that was done in this experiment allowed scientist to develop new hypotheses concerning dendritic cells and their role in chronic diseases such as COPD. The links that were made with this research between dendritic cells, lung capacity, and cigarette smoke could potentially be the forefront of new treatments and earlier diagnoses for COPD victims. References Yan-wei, S., Yong-jian, X., & Xian-sheng, L. (2010). Quantitative differentiation of dendritic cells in lung tissues of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chinese Medical Journal, 123(12). Retreived from http://www.cmj.org/Periodical/PDF/200481469383420.pdf

Human Rights Violations By John Wyndham - 1534 Words

Human Rights Violations in The Chrysalids There are some rights that every human in this world is entitled to. These are called human rights and they define how a human should be treated, so that everyone is treated equally and no one is discriminated, or treated unfairly . Violations of these these rights include torture, slavery, discrimination and restriction of freedom, these are only some of the many violations. In today s world many people are discriminated and have their human rights violated, just like the post apocalyptic novel, The Chrysalids by John Wyndham which about a boy named David Storme. In David s district, Waknuk anyone or anything that is different than what they think it should be like, is considered a deviation. Human deviations are called blasphemies, and are sent away to a horrible place called the Fringes, which has low amounts of food and other blasphemies. If it is a plant or animal which is diviational, it is called an offence,the animals are killed while the plants are destroyed.They do this bec ause they believe that anything that is different is made by the Devil, therefore evil. Due to the strict religious laws in Waknuk, many people are not treated right and a lot of basic human rights are violated. This is proven many times in this novel, like when Sophie has to leave Waknuk to save her and her family from danger, and when she has her ability to reproduce taken away, when Katherine and Sally get kidnapped and tourchered, and finallyShow MoreRelated Kosinskis Being There and the Existential Anti-Hero Essay example3188 Words   |  13 Pagescraving for freedom and independence is generated only in a man still living on hope.   For Mersault, nothing mattered... (25).   The existential frustration from which Mersault suffers has engendered within him an inability to realize his capacity for human emotion.   Mersualts heart pounded with an emotion he almost took for love (26; my emphasis).      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chance is incapable of even knowing love.   Chances Adam needs an Eve and Elizabeth Eve Rand, EE for short, serves as his counterpartRead MoreEthical Companies12021 Words   |  49 PagesBusiness. Profit.† This year, there are 110 World’s Most Ethical Companies. Of these companies, 36 are new to the list in 2011 and 26 companies dropped off from the 2010 list. These â€Å"drop offs† generally occurred because of litigation and ethics violations, as well as increased competition from within their industry. 2011 WORLD’S MOST ETHICAL COMPANY SELECTION PROCESS: 1. The Methodology A methodology committee of leading attorneys, professors, government officials and organization leaders, assisted